Understanding Guillain-Barré Syndrome
GBS is an acute autoimmune peripheral neuropathy — the immune system attacks the myelin sheath of peripheral nerves, causing ascending weakness and potentially paralysis. It is the most common cause of acute flaccid paralysis worldwide.
Acute Phase Rehabilitation (ICU/Acute Ward)
Passive range of motion to prevent contractures, positioning to protect paralyzed limbs, respiratory physiotherapy (in severe cases), pressure area care, and early sitting tolerance training.
Subacute Recovery Phase
As strength returns, progressive active exercise begins. Standing frame tolerance, tilt table training, pool therapy (buoyancy assists weak muscles), and manual resistance training matched to daily improving strength.
Return to Walking
Gait retraining from walking frame to crutches to independent walking, with close attention to foot drop and proximal weakness. Balance training intensifies as strength allows.
Long-Term Recovery
Fatigue management is critical — GBS fatigue persists in many patients even after motor recovery. Activity pacing, aerobic conditioning, and psychological support are essential components.